Reasoning Books - Page 4

Bounded Rationality: The Adaptive Toolbox

Amazon Price: $26.27 List Price: $32.00 Usually ships in 24 hours By: The MIT Press Amazon Marketplace: 29 new & used starting at $22.13

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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 2 Average rating: 4.5 of 5

Editorial Review:

In a complex and uncertain world, humans and animals make decisions under the constraints of limited knowledge, resources, and time. Yet models of rational decision making in economics, cognitive science, biology, and other fields largely ignore these real constraints and instead assume agents with perfect information and unlimited time. About forty years ago, Herbert Simon challenged this view with his notion of "bounded rationality." Today, bounded rationality has become a fashionable term used for disparate views of reasoning. This book promotes bounded rationality as the key to understanding how real people make decisions. Using the concept of an "adaptive toolbox," a repertoire of fast and frugal rules for decision making under uncertainty, it attempts to impose more order and coherence on the idea of bounded rationality. The contributors view bounded rationality neither as optimization under constraints nor as the study of people’s reasoning fallacies. The strategies in the adaptive toolbox dispense with optimization and, for the most part, with calculations of probabilities and utilities. The book extends the concept of bounded rationality from cognitive tools to emotions; it analyzes social norms, imitation, and other cultural tools as rational strategies; and it shows how smart heuristics can exploit the structure of environments.

The Art of Creative Thinking: How to Be Innovative and Develop Great Ideas

John Adair

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Total reviews: 2 Average rating: 4.5 of 5

Excellent summary on creative thinking 5 out of 5 stars.
3 of 6 people found this review helpful.

I read an online version of this book in one seating. I thought it was very good, and covers all aspects of creative thinking. I also appreciate the author's concern in putting the key points in the end of each chapter, so you can quickly review them in the future.

Very infromative roadmap to inspiration. 4 out of 5 stars.
0 of 0 people found this review helpful.

I would strongly recommend this book. The author offers interesting guidelines for creative thinking that were used by some of the great minds of our time. A very helpful guide to pattern your thought processes.

Editorial Review:

New ideas help businesses gain an advantage over their rivals. Employees who generate these new ideas -- who practice the art of creative thinking -- are one of a company's greatest assets. The Art of Creative Thinking shows the reader practical ways of becoming a more creative thinker. Each succinct chapter is built around one core idea which is then developed and illustrated. End-of-chapter key points summarize the main points. The Art of Creative Thinking shows you how to: develop your understanding of the creative process; overcome barriers to creating new ideas; broaden your vision; build on new ideas; develop a creative attitude; become more confident as a creative thinker.

Everyday Irrationality: How Pseudo- Scientists, Lunatics, And The Rest Of Us Systematically Fail To Think Rationally

Robyn Dawes

List Price: $25.00 By: Westview Press Amazon Marketplace: 15 new & used starting at $4.90

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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 7 Average rating: 3.5 of 5

Editorial Review:

Robyn Dawes defines irrationality as adhering to beliefs that are inherently self-contradictory, not just incorrect, self-defeating, or the basis of poor decisions. Such beliefs are unfortunately common. Witness two examples: the belief that child sexual abuse can be diagnosed by observing symptoms typically resulting from such abuse, rather than symptoms that differentiate between abused and non-abused children; and the belief that a physical or personal disaster can be understood by studying it alone in-depth rather than by comparing the situation in which it occurred to similar situations where nothing bad happened. This book first demonstrates how such irrationality results from ignoring obvious comparisons. Such neglect is traced to associational and story-based thinking, while true rational judgment requires comparative thinking. Strong emotion--or even insanity--is one reason for making automatic associations without comparison, but as the author demonstrates, a lot of everyday judgment, unsupported professional claims, and even social policy is based on the same kind of irrationality.

IQ and Aptitude Tests

Philip Carter

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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 1 Average rating: 4.0 of 5

Good book for general practice of iq tests 4 out of 5 stars.
2 of 3 people found this review helpful.

This a good book of moderate complexity and is helpful in practicing for general IQ tests.
Vivek

Editorial Review:

IQ and Aptitude Tests contains 400 brand new practice questions together with answers, explanations, and a guide to assessing performance. The questions are organized into four IQ tests together with verbal, spatial, and numerical aptitude tests. These include tests of word meanings, grammar and comprehension, advanced verbal aptitude, logical analysis, mental arithmetic, numerical sequences, and number problems. Aptitude tests and IQ tests are increasingly encountered in recruitment, selection, and assessment procedures. This book is especially valuable to those who are faced with an aptitude or IQ test, and it will also help anyone improve their verbal, numerical, and reasoning skills.

Sudoku X Book 1: The Only Puzzles With the X Factor

Christopher Monckton

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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 3 Average rating: 4.0 of 5

From the Board Games Editor at BellaOnline.com 5 out of 5 stars.
2 of 2 people found this review helpful.

When I first looked at these puzzles, I assumed they would be more difficult than regular sudoku, but they actually are not any tougher. The fact that you must generate numbers 1-9 on the diagonal as well as in rows, columns and boxes does add a fun twist, though. Sudoku purists may dislike these puzzles, particularly the smaller grids in the beginning of the book, but adventurous sudoku-ers will enjoy the twist.

The X Factor 4 out of 5 stars.
1 of 1 people found this review helpful.

Su Doku is a Japanese logic puzzle where rows, columns and regions must contain a certain number of digits only once. This collection of 100 puzzles adds an additional factor to the mix. Not only must the digits appear only once in each row, column and region, but also in the two long diagonals.

The book opens with a nice section on how to solve Su Doku puzzles. It then quickly moves into the puzzles themselves. First there are 6X6 puzzles (fifteen puzzles), then 8X8 (25 puzzles) and finally 9X9 (60 puzzles). After the puzzles there is a "stepping stones" hint section for each puzzle. Finally there are the solutions to the puzzles.

I do not find most Su Doku puzzles to be challenging but these were interesting. One has to remember to include the diagonals or you might think you are stuck. But keeping the diagonals in mind and the puzzles are not particularly hard although they are not as easy as many books. If you are a Su Doku fan you might want take a look at this one.

Editorial Review:

Sudoku is the new number puzzle craze sweeping the nation, and Sudoku X is the only puzzle collection to add diagonal play to the Sudoku formula.

Critical Thinking & American Government

Kent M. Brudney, Mark E. Weber

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Editorial Review:

Get a better grade with CRITICAL THINKING & AMERICAN GOVERNMENT! Filled with exercises that provide in-depth exploration of important topics in American government, this political science text teaches you the skills you need for critical and analytical thinking. Coverage includes thinking analytically, reading critically, interpreting and analyzing data, recognizing basic relationships among variables, summarizing information concisely, formulating generalizations and hypotheses, and drawing logical inferences within the context of a standard American Government curriculum.

I Can't Wait (Crary, Elizabeth, Children's Problem Solving Book.)

Elizabeth Crary

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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 3 Average rating: 3.5 of 5

Good book to help children deal with feelings! 4 out of 5 stars.
8 of 8 people found this review helpful.

My 6 year old daughter loves the books by Elizabeth Crary. She likes that there are different endings to the story, depending on which outcome she picks. This would be a great series for elementary school teachers to add to their collection. It truly helps children learn how to deal with their emotions.

Be Patient, Luke! 5 out of 5 stars.
3 of 3 people found this review helpful.

This is a wonderful book. Six year old Luke is watching his friend Amy jump on the mattress. Luke wants a turn NOW! Children ages five to eleven can help Luke decide what to do while he waits for his turn. Get this book today and write down your child's suggestions.

Great idea, BUT.... 2 out of 5 stars.
2 of 4 people found this review helpful.

I was very excited when I first saw these books and purchased "I Can't Wait" and "I'm Mad." I purchased these books with the intention of using them with my child that has an autism spectrum disorder. While the whole concept of the books is great and the wording is nice and simple, there are some major problems with the books that kept me from using them with my daughter and will keep me from purchasing more. First, the children in the story exhibited behavior that we felt was inappropriate for our daughter's age (8) and in certain situations (like school). Example: The child in "I'm Mad" is given the option of stomping as a 'physical release' to the anger. Stomping was not an option we felt was appropriate for an 8-year-old at school. Also, we felt that negative options should not be presented at all for our child with ASD as she sometimes has a tendency to model the bad options as well as the good ones. The child in "I Can't Wait" is given the option of being mean and attempts to push the other child off the mattress. Although the child does not get want he wants as a result of this bad choice, he does not receive any negative consequences as a result. So, although instantly hopeful that this would become a helpful teaching tool for our oldest, we were let down. In fact, we're not even going to use them with our typical 4 year old due to the negative options offered in the book. A little tweeking, though, and these books could be fantastic for children with all ability levels.

Editorial Review:

Luke wants his turn on the tumbling mat NOW. What can he do?

My Name Is Not Dummy (Crary, Elizabeth, Children's Problem Solving Book.)

Elizabeth Crary

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Editorial Review:

Jenny doesn't like being called a dummy by her friend. He won't stop when she asks him to. You get to choose what Jenny will do to solve her problem. If you don't like what happens, you can make a different choice.

Master the Miller Analogies Test 2006 (Master the Miller Analogies Test)

Steinberg

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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 2 Average rating: 4.0 of 5

Yolanda Cartwright 3 out of 5 stars.
11 of 15 people found this review helpful.

I bought this book to study for the Miller's analogies test. Unfortunately, the book did not cover the materials that would be found on the test--only vocabulary and practice drills. Therefore, I cannot highly recommend this book for the extensive study of the Miller's Analogies Test. There are other study guides which provide for extensive study and covers the breadth of material found on the Miller's Analogies Test.

Miller Analogies Test 5 out of 5 stars.
0 of 0 people found this review helpful.

This book has been very helpful for my prepartion of the MAT. It is easy to follow and work the problems.

Editorial Review:

Widely used by graduate programs and law schools, the 60-minute, 120-question exam measures critical-thinking ability and knowledge of a broad range of subjects--literature, the arts, math, and science. Exclusive analogy strategies help students better understand the relationship between words and excel on this short, yet difficult exam. This effective guide features 7 full-length practice exams and more than 1,000 additional practice questions, and a bonus CD with additional practice tests.

Complete Problem Solver

John R. Hayes

List Price: $79.95 By: Lawrence Erlbaum Amazon Marketplace: 2 new & used starting at $21.77

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Editorial Review:

This unique volume returns in its second edition, revised and updated with the latest advances in problem solving research. It is designed to provide readers with skills that will make them better problem solvers and to give up-to-date information about the psychology of problem solving.

Professor Hayes provides students and professionals with practical, tested methods of defining, representing, and solving problems. Each discussion of the important aspects of human problem solving is supported by the most current research on the psychology problem solving.

The Complete Problem Solver, Second Edition features:
*Valuable learning strategies;
*Decision making methods;
*Discussions of the nature of creativity and invention, and
*A new chapter on writing.

The Complete Problem Solver utilizes numerous examples, diagrams, illustrations, and charts to help any reader become better at problem solving. See the order form forthe answer to the problem below.