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Beyond Prejudice: The Moral Significance of Human and Nonhuman Animals

Evelyn Pluhar

Beyond Prejudice: The Moral Significance of Human and Nonhuman Animals Evelyn Pluhar Amazon Price: $94.95
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Editorial Review:

In Beyond Prejudice, Evelyn B. Pluhar defends the view that any sentient conative being—one capable of caring about what happens to him or herself—is morally significant, a view that supports the moral status and rights of many nonhuman animals. Confronting traditional and contemporary philosophical arguments, she offers in clear and accessible fashion a thorough examination of theories of moral significance while decisively demonstrating the flaws in the arguments of those who would avoid attributing moral rights to nonhumans.
Exposing the traditional view—which restricts the moral realm to autonomous, fully fledged "persons"—as having horrific implications for the treatment of many humans, Pluhar goes on to argue positively that sentient individuals of any species are no less morally significant than the most automomous human. Her position provides the ultimate justification that is missing from previous defenses of the moral status of nonhuman animals. In the process of advancing her position, Pluhar discusses the implications of determining moral significance for children and "abnormal" humans as well as its relevance to population policies, the raising of animals for food or product testing, decisions on hunting and euthanasia, and the treatment of companion animals. In addition, the author scrutinizes recent assertions by environmental ethicists that all living things or that natural objects and ecosystems be considered highly morally significant. This powerful book of moral theory challenges all defenders of the moral status quo—which decrees that animals decidedly do not count—to reevaluate their convictions.

Foreign Bodies: Performance, Art, and Symbolic Anthropology

A. David Napier

Foreign Bodies: Performance, Art, and Symbolic Anthropology A. David Napier List Price: $48.00
By: University of California Press
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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 2 Average rating: 5.0 of 5

Excellent 5 out of 5 stars.
0 of 2 people found this review helpful.

Makes an important contribution to the understanding of Indian and Greek art and myth.

Not to be missed! 5 out of 5 stars.
0 of 0 people found this review helpful.

This is the second book in what I like to think of as Napier's trilogy. If you have not read Masks Transformation, and Paradox, I recommend reading that one first and then this wonderful book, to be followed by The Age of Immunology: Conceiving a Future in an Alienating World. Napier's work is not light reading. His treatment of the concept of the stranger is relevant to the process he traces out in the first book which deals with the way(s) in which notions of alterity and difference are central to societal rituals of transformation. He says that "the recognition of change hinges both on the apprehension of identity and on the awareness of a potential for paradox." (Myths, 3) In this work he takes that thesis a step further and attempts to prove that this process is universal by examining it in different cultures. In the latest work, he introduces the same ideas but in a brand new context using immunology as a trope. I highly recommend all of Napier's work. Although it is anthropology, don't think that his ideas do not have relevance to other areas of study. I used his book for an analysis of Oscar Wilde's uses of paradox and masks in his dramatic and critical work. Jack Worthing's reference to Lady Bracknell as a Gorgon in "The Importance of Being Earnest" came alive to me after reading Napier's meditations on the apotropaic.

This work brings up crucial questions about how we perceive alterity in our society, no small question. People who enjoy philosophy, mythology, literature, psychology, and of course, anthropology will need to be acquainted with Napier's work. You can start here or buy the whole trilogy as I did. You will not be sad you did.

Editorial Review:

In five wide-ranging essays, A. David Napier explores the ways in which the foreign becomes literally and metaphorically embodied as a part of cultural identity rather than being seen as something outside it. Pre-classical Greece, Baroque Italy, and Western postmodernism are among the artistic domains Napier considers, while the symbolic terrain ranges from Balinese cosmography to body symbolism in biomedicine.

Paths Toward a Clearing: Radical Empiricism and Ethnographic Inquiry (African Systems of Thought)

Michael Jackson

Paths Toward a Clearing: Radical Empiricism and Ethnographic Inquiry (African Systems of Thought) Michael Jackson List Price: $36.95
By: Indiana Univ Pr
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Lewis Henry Morgan and the Invention of Kinship

Thomas R. Trautmann

Lewis Henry Morgan and the Invention of Kinship Thomas R. Trautmann List Price: $42.00
By: Univ of California Pr
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Editorial Review:

Lewis Henry Morgan of Rochester, New York, lawyer and pioneer anthropologist, was the leading American contributor of his generation to the social sciences. Among the classic works whose conjunction in the 1860s gave modern anthropology its shape, Morgan's massive and technical Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family was decisive. Thomas Trautmann offers a new interpretation of the genesis of "kinship," and of the role it played in late nineteenth-century intellectual history.

Quest for the Real Samoa: The Mead/Freeman Controversy and Beyond

Lowell D. Holmes

Quest for the Real Samoa: The Mead/Freeman Controversy and Beyond Lowell D. Holmes Amazon Price: $95.00
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By: Bergin & Garvey
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Editorial Review:

"Since the controversy began, Homes's restudy has been criticized by Freeman. Now Holmes has published his dissertation findings along with more recent observations on the controversy. Because he conducted the only explicit restudy of the Manu'a group, and because of his own extensive research in the islands over three decades, Holmes's Quest for the Real Samoa is worth reading. While the book will not resolve the controversy, it does provide an interesting perspective, some new data, and useful insights into the controversy. . . . Holmes concludes that Mead's work will endure, not because it was flawless or because it is a model for contemporary research, but precisely because it was pioneering and controversial. He sees the tragedy of the controversy in Freeman's almost exclusive focus on Mead, which could obscure Freeman's potential contribution to Samoan ethnography. This is where Freeman and Holmes differe fundamentally. For Freeman, the ultimate issue is the refutation of Mead's ideas on Samoan adolescence. For Holmes, it is a deeper appreciation of the possibilities of Samoan ethnography. To get beyond the Mead/Freeman controversy, it is this latter path that should be explored." American Anthropologist "Holmes has a special claim to be heard, for in 1954 he did a restudy of Tau, the same village Mead had worked in 29 years before. While Mr. Holmes disagrees with her on various points, he does not find the `truth' to be midway between Mead and Mr. Freeman. His work showed the quality of Mead's Samoan research to be `remarkably high,' while Mr. Freeman's refuation was, in Mr. Holmes's opinion, both methodologically shoddy and uncorroborated by the evidence." New York Times Book Review

Theories of Culture in Postmodern Times

Marvin Harris

Theories of Culture in Postmodern Times Marvin Harris Amazon Price: $91.46
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By: Altamira Press
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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 3 Average rating: 4.5 of 5

Theories of Culture in Postmodern Times 4 out of 5 stars.
10 of 18 people found this review helpful.

This man is the top social scientist of his generation. He is still near the top of his form. His critiques of postmodernism and sociobiology, are compelling. The chapter on the fall of the Soviet Union is fascinating (and consistent with his theory of cultural materialism). The book is well worth the read.

Editorial Review:

Marvin Harris is arguably the most influential, prolific anthropological theorist of our time. This book brings together many of the strands of his work of the past two decades into a unified, contemporary statement on anthropological theory and practice. In this book, he presents his current views on the nature of culture addressing such issues as the mental/behavioral debate, emics and etics, and anthropological holism. He resoundly critiques many current theoretical trends-from sociobiology to postmodernism to Afrocentrism. And he offers a cultural materialist perspective on diverse contemporary issues such as the IQ question and the fall of communism. Harris' thought-provoking and controversial theoretical views will be required reading for all anthropologists, social theorists, and their students.

Exotics at Home: Anthropologies, Others, and American Modernity (Women in Culture and Society Series)

Micaela di Leonardo

Exotics at Home: Anthropologies, Others, and American Modernity (Women in Culture and Society Series) Micaela di Leonardo Amazon Price: $35.00
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By: University Of Chicago Press
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Total reviews: 2 Average rating: 3.0 of 5

Editorial Review:

In this pathbreaking study, Micaela di Leonardo reveals the face of power within the mask of cultural difference. From the 1893 World's Fair to Body Shop advertisements, di Leonardo focuses on the intimate and shifting relations between popular portrayals of exotic Others and the practice of anthropology. In so doing, she casts new light on gender, race, and the public sphere in America's past and present.

"An impressive work of scholarship that is mordantly witty, passionately argued, and takes no prisoners."—Lesley Gill, News Politics

"[Micaela] di Leonardo eloquently argues for the importance of empirical, interdisciplinary social science in addressing the tragedy that is urban America at the end of the century."—Jonathan Spencer, Times Literary Supplement

"In her quirky new contribution to the American culture brawl, feminist anthropologist Micaela di Leonardo explains how anthropologists, 'technicians of the sacred,' have distorted American popular debate and social life."—Rachel Mattson, Voice Literary Supplement

"At the end of di Leonardo's analyses one is struck by her rare combination of rigor and passion. Simply, [she] is a marvelous iconoclast."—Matthew T. McGuire, Boston Book Review

Beyond Anthropology

Bernard McGrane

Beyond Anthropology Bernard McGrane Amazon Price: $31.50
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By: Columbia University Press
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Total reviews: 1 Average rating: 5.0 of 5

Not just for anthropologists 5 out of 5 stars.
1 of 1 people found this review helpful.

Simply put, this is the single most devastating, incredible, challenging, revolutionary, terrifying, haunting, beautiful, and rewarding book i've read (... again and again and again). It's repeatedly forced me to reassess everything i've thought i've "known," and deepened my analysis of both knowledge itself and knowledge's nature. At the same time, it's made me a little crazy and robbed me of the great faith i once had in academics (in other words, if you're working on a degree, you may want to read this *after* graduation). The fact that it's out of print prompts me to seriously question the nature of the publishing industry as well, actually - it seems truly a crime against the progress of learning that more people don't get to read this extraordinary work.

Editorial Review:

-- American Anthropologist

Fox at the Wood's Edge: A Biography of Loren Eiseley

Gale E. Christianson

Fox at the Wood's Edge: A Biography of Loren Eiseley Gale E. Christianson Amazon Price: $20.00
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Total reviews: 3 Average rating: 3.0 of 5

All the Strange Dours 1 out of 5 stars.
14 of 18 people found this review helpful.

As to the quality of the scholarship, there can be little question. With few exceptions, it appears that all of the "i's" are dotted, all the "t's" crossed.

Christianson rightly avoids emotional involvement with his "subject," except for occasional pronouncements and conclusions about Eiseley's character, mostly negative. The author avoids hero-worship with a vengeance. This makes the book interesting in another dimension, because it starts one to thinking about Christianson himself. The downside is that this inevitable digression of thought gets in the way of thinking about the subject of the work. But at least it's not a starry-eyed whitewash.

One can't help wondering why the author, who does let some positive elements shine through via quotes by Eiseley himself, seems resentful of his subject rather than understanding. Perhaps he admired his subject so much that he went overboard and emphasized the "warts" too much. Perhaps he began as one seduced by his subject's work, but had his bubble burst when his research exposed the "warts." Perhaps he was jealous. Perhaps he took pleasure in attempting to topple one more successful than he, a practice known as "trophy hunting" in some circles. One way of "standing tall" is to put down, but it is a curious way.

Read this book for information but not for a sympathetic treatment of Eiseley. Just as an overly sentimental treatment would be flawed, this book lacks balance, lacks any depth of understanding of the complex relationships of insight and science and literature and how these were combined in Eiseley. It is linear in its "analysis," and many a reader will want that.

It is a fair guide to the facts, but not skillfully written in the sense of being "reader-friendly." While real contortions of prose are relatively rare, the writing is not easy to follow. Certainly the author knew his subject well (at least one guesses that this must be the case), but the reader does not close this scholarly tome with a coherent picture of the subject. One is left with more of a sense that one has been present while Eiseley's closets were not only emptied of their skeletons, but watched while they were scattered about. One imagines Eiseley's own skeleton among them, disarticulated, incomplete, broken, even pulverized. But dead men cannot protest, eh?

Editorial Review:

Loren Eiseley challenges us to this day with his uneasy interpretation of humanity's place in the world. The haunting melancholy that pervades much of Eiseley's work grew out of a loveless childhood in which he spent much time alone in the natural world. His mother was mentally ill and his father, a singularly unsuccessful traveling salesman, spent little time at home. Perhaps in an effort to compensate, Eiseley drove himself relentlessly to succeed. Gale E. Christian-son's biography offers an unexpurgated evaluation of a man whose difficult past helped shape the brilliant essays that continue to dazzle new audiences.

Auto/ethnography: Rewriting the Self and the Social (Explorations in Anthropology)

Auto/ethnography: Rewriting the Self and the Social (Explorations in Anthropology) Amazon Price: $105.00
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Editorial Review:

In departing from the traditional stance taken by anthropologists, who study 'others' ethnographically, this timely book explores forms of self-inscription on the part of both the ethnographer and those 'others' who are studied. Informed by developments in postmodernism, postcolonialism, and feminism, this is an original contribution to the growing dialogue across disciplinary boundaries. The chapters build upon recent reconsiderations of the uses and meaning of personal narrative to examine the ways in which selves and social forms are culturally constituted through biographical genres. Ethnic autobiography, self-reflexivity in ethnography, and native ethnography raise provocative questions about a range of issues for the contemporary scholar: authenticity of voice; ethnographic authority; and the degree to which autoethnography constitutes resistance to hegemonic bodies of discourse. Examined here in a variety of cultural and political contexts, writing about the self offers challenging insights into the construction and transformation of identities and cultural meanings.

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