Epidemiology Books

The Coming Plague: Newly Emerging Diseases in a World Out of Balance

Laurie Garrett

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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 68 Average rating: 4.5 of 5

Editorial Review:

Where's your next disease coming from? From anywhere in the world--from overflowing sewage in Cairo, from a war zone in Rwanda, from an energy-efficient office building in California, from a pig farm in China or North Carolina. "Preparedness demands understanding," writes Pulitzer-winning journalist Laurie Garrett, and in this precursor to Betrayal of Trust: The Collapse of Global Public Health, she shows a clear understanding of the patterns lying beneath the new diseases in the headlines (AIDS, Lyme) and the old ones resurgent (tuberculosis, cholera). As the human population explodes, ecologies collapse and simplify, and disease organisms move into the gaps. As globalization continues, diseases can move from one country to another as fast as an airplane can fly.

While the human race battles itself ... the advantage moves to the microbes' court. They are our predators and they will be victorious if we, Homo sapiens, do not learn how to live in a rational global village that affords the microbes few opportunities.

Her picture is not entirely bleak. Epidemics grow when a disease outbreak is amplified--by contaminated water supplies, by shared needles, by recirculated air, by prostitution. And controlling the amplifiers of disease is within our power; it's a matter of money, people, and will. --Mary Ellen Curtin

Infections and Inequalities: The Modern Plagues

Paul Farmer

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Total reviews: 8 Average rating: 4.0 of 5

Editorial Review:

Paul Farmer has battled AIDS in rural Haiti and deadly strains of drug-resistant tuberculosis in the slums of Peru. A physician-anthropologist with more than fifteen years in the field, Farmer writes from the front lines of the war against these modern plagues and shows why, even more than those of history, they target the poor. This "peculiarly modern inequality" that permeates AIDS, TB, malaria, and typhoid in the modern world, and that feeds emerging (or re-emerging) infectious diseases such as Ebola and cholera, is laid bare in Farmer's harrowing stories of sickness and suffering.
Challenging the accepted methodologies of epidemiology and international health, he points out that most current explanatory strategies, from "cost-effectiveness" to patient "noncompliance," inevitably lead to blaming the victims. In reality, larger forces, global as well as local, determine why some people are sick and others are shielded from risk. Yet this moving account is far from a hopeless inventory of insoluble problems. Farmer writes of what can be done in the face of seemingly overwhelming odds, by physicians determined to treat those in need. Infections and Inequalities weds meticulous scholarship with a passion for solutions--remedies for the plagues of the poor and the social maladies that have sustained them.

Modern Epidemiology

Kenneth J Rothman, Sander Greenland, Timothy L Lash

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Total reviews: 1 Average rating: 5.0 of 5

Editorial Review:

The thoroughly revised and updated Third Edition of the acclaimed Modern Epidemiology reflects both the conceptual development of this evolving science and the increasingly focal role that epidemiology plays in dealing with public health and medical problems. Coauthored by three leading epidemiologists, with sixteen additional contributors, this Third Edition is the most comprehensive and cohesive text on the principles and methods of epidemiologic research. The book covers a broad range of concepts and methods, such as basic measures of disease frequency and associations, study design,field methods, threats to validity, and assessing precision. It also covers advanced topics in data analysis such as Bayesian analysis, bias analysis, and hierarchical regression. Chapters examine specific areas of research such as disease surveillance, ecologic studies, social epidemiology, infectious disease epidemiology, genetic and molecular epidemiology, nutritional epidemiology, environmental epidemiology, reproductive epidemiology, and clinical epidemiology.

Epidemiology: with STUDENT CONSULT Online Access (Gordis, Epidemiology)

Leon Gordis

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Total reviews: 33 Average rating: 4.5 of 5

Editorial Review:

This popular book is written by the award-winning teacher, Dr. Leon Gordis of the Bloomberg School of Public Health at Johns Hopkins University. He introduces the basic principles and concepts of epidemiology in clear, concise writing and his inimitable style. This book provides an understanding of the key concepts in the following 3 fully updated sections: Section I: The Epidemiologic Approach to Disease and Intervention; Section II: Using Epidemiology to Identify the Causes of Disease; Section III: Applying Epidemiology to Evaluation and Policy. Clear, practical graphs and charts, cartoons, and review questions with answers reinforce the text and aid in comprehension.

• Utilizes new full-color format to enhance readability and clarity.
  
• Provides new and updated figures, references and concept examples to keep you absolutely current - new information has been added on Registration of Clinical Trials, Case-Cohort Design, Case-Crossover Design, and Sources and Impact of Uncertainty ( disease topics include: Obesity, Asthma, Thyroid Cancer, Helicobacter Pylori and gastric/duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer, Mammography for women in their forties) - expanded topics include Person-time.
  
• Includes STUDENT CONSULT access, allowing you to:
  o Access the complete contents of the book online, anywhere you go.perform quick searches.and add your own notes and bookmarks.
  o Test yourself with the additional TEST BANK including 200 MCQs, plus complete rationales for all self-assessment Q&A in the print book. .
  o Reference all other STUDENT CONSULT titles you own online, too-all in one place!

• Introduces both the underlying concepts as well as the practical uses of epidemiology in public health and in clinical practice.
  
• Systemizes learning and review with study questions in each section and an answer key and index.
  
• Illustrates textual information with clear and informative full-color illustrations, many created by the author and tested in the classroom.

Saunders 2008 ICD-9-CM, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 Standard Edition

Carol J. Buck

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Editorial Review:

SAUNDERS 2008 ICD-9-CM Vol. 1, 2 & 3 STANDARD EDITION combines the most current ICD-9-CM information from a source you can trust. This handy reference gives you quick access to the coding references vital to medical billing. This inclusive book is your complete guide to both physician-based and inpatient coding, and also features the Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting, giving you the most up-to-date coding information in an easy-to-use format.

• Coverage of all three ICD-9-CM volumes fulfills all of your coding needs with one comprehensive guide.
• Convenient design gives you fast, easy access to content.
• Detailed disease explanations help you better understand diseases for accurate, more efficient coding.
• Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting keep you up-to-date on changes to CMS rules.
• Symbols throughout the text clearly highlight all new and revised codes for quick identification and reference.
• At-a-glance listing of new and revised codes alerts located in the front of the book gives you a concise summary of all recent coding updates.
• All from Carol Buck, the most trusted name in medical coding!

Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Theory And Practice

Kenrad E., M.D. Nelson, Carolyn F. Masters, Ph.D. Williams

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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 3 Average rating: 4.5 of 5

An excellent, detailed overview for both experts and novices 5 out of 5 stars.
22 of 23 people found this review helpful.

This text is an excellent textbook for both infectious disease professionals and for students of infectious disease epidemiology. Nelson and colleagues cover a range of essential topics from a survey of important historical epidemics to study designs for infectious disease investigations. The first part of the text covers ID epidemiology background and methodology, whereas the second focuses on specific diseases as examples of different transmission modalities. TB, HIV and Influenza are among the pathogens discussed in great detail. Chapters are written by experts in their respective fields, making this textbook not only authoritative, but also up-to-date in scope and content. Many of the authors are affiliated with the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health or the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. "Infectious Disease Epidemiology" is extremely readable, and serves as an excellent reference tool. I highly recommend it.

Editorial Review:

This comprehensive resource applies the fundamentals of epidemiology to the study of infectious diseases (ID). In the first section, readers will learn about basic epidemiologic methods for the study of ID plus be introduced to newer techniques like geographical information systems, mathematical modeling, and genetic laboratory tools. In the second section, the book covers major infectious diseases to illustrate both the range of techniques and issues vital to epidemiologists, and to highlight those diseases that have a major impact on health around the world. These include diseases of high mortality and morbidity such as malaria, HIV, STDs, diarrhea, and those with unique epidemiology such as parasitic diseases and Lyme disease.

Applied Longitudinal Data Analysis: Modeling Change and Event Occurrence

Judith D. Singer, John B. Willett

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Total reviews: 10 Average rating: 5.0 of 5

Editorial Review:

Change is constant in everyday life. Infants crawl and then walk, children learn to read and write, teenagers mature in myriad ways, the elderly become frail and forgetful. Beyond these natural processes and events, external forces and interventions instigate and disrupt change: test scores may rise after a coaching course, drug abusers may remain abstinent after residential treatment. By charting changes over time and investigating whether and when events occur, researchers reveal the temporal rhythms of our lives. Applied Longitudinal Data Analysis is a much-needed professional book for empirical researchers and graduate students in the behavioral, social, and biomedical sciences. It offers the first accessible in-depth presentation of two of today's most popular statistical methods: multilevel models for individual change and hazard/survival models for event occurrence (in both discrete- and continuous-time). Using clear, concise prose and real data sets from published studies, the authors take you step by step through complete analyses, from simple exploratory displays that reveal underlying patterns through sophisticated specifications of complex statistical models.
Applied Longitudinal Data Analysis offers readers a private consultation session with internationally recognized experts and represents a unique contribution to the literature on quantitative empirical methods.
Visit http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/examples/alda.htm for:
Downloadable data sets
Library of computer programs in SAS, SPSS, Stata, HLM, MLwiN, and more
Additional material for data analysis

Plagues and Peoples

William H. McNeill

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Total reviews: 44 Average rating: 4.0 of 5

Bugs, germs and parasites 4 out of 5 stars.
6 of 6 people found this review helpful.

Long before Jared Diamond captured headlines and dominated bestseller lists with 'Gun, Germs and Steel," the distinguished University of Chicago historian William McNeill published "Plagues and Peoples" that carried a similar message, albeit heavily focused on the "germs" part of the equation.

McNeill's central thesis is that bacteriology has had a profound impact on the course of human history and will continue to be a fundamental component of human affairs forever. In short, communicable disease can never be fully defeated. As human population continues to grow and as technology and social revolutions change our behavior and modes of interaction, micro parasites will exploit the new opportunities to infect and kills us. He argues that humans and micro parasites have been engaged in nearly continuous combat for advantage since human beings first left the cradle of civilization in Africa.

In making this argument, McNeill offers up an interesting explanation for Africa's pitiful condition up to the present day. He claims that humans developed in the heat and moisture of the African climate and over time an ecological balance developed between man and micro parasite. The well-established micro parasitic infections were nature's way of ensuring that no one species dominated. It was only when humans discovered clothing and began moving to colder climates that did not so easily support traditional disease did the battle for primacy between man and bug begin. McNeill states that even today Africa is an example of a well functioning ecological balance where the tsetse fly and the sleeping sickness it carries, for instance, still determines the range where humans can penetrate.

McNeill stresses that the history of disease is more than simply the story of epidemics and consequent die-off of large swaths of a population. He shows that micro parasites have touched a broad spectrum of human behavior and cultural development. For instance, he argues that today's major world religions, especially Christianity and Hinduism, thrived in the epidemic disease experiences of the first century AD. Those religions provided some explanation to the apparent randomness of sudden death from a variety of ailments and it offered the hope of salvation and eternal life after death. Moreover, McNeill argues that epidemic diseases that leveled Aztec and Incan culture accelerated the acceptance of Christianity in the New World by the native population. After all, what clearer sign of the power of the European God than the immunity of the white men from the diseases that swept through the vulnerable native communities.

McNeill also demonstrates how fear of disease - particularly the global cholera outbreak of the 1830s that killed so quickly and horribly - promoted massive public health programs that eventually had a tremendous impact on industrial and economic growth. The improved sanitary conditions allowed cities to flourish and workers to remain healthy and productive. He also argues that an army's ability to conquer disease in its ranks was likely more important than its ability to conquer its enemy in open combat. Until the 20th century, the vast majority of deaths in war were the result of disease, sometimes accounting for over tens times the combat deaths. The army that could prevent such devastation had an incredible advantage.

The major breakthrough for humans, McNeill argues, was the period 1300-1700. That four century period witnessed two critical transportation revolutions: the Eurasian land route developed by the Mongols and the European-led sea-based transportation. The relatively rapid dissemination of people meant the rapid dissemination of disease. The homogenization of disease between Europe, the Middle East, India and China led to the "domestication" of epidemic disease and marked a fundamental breakthrough in world history. This interaction led many diseases to transition from crippling epidemics to manageable endemics that took the form of childhood diseases; the same diseases that decimated the New World native populations when they were exposed in the 16th century.

Lastly, it is interesting to read how long it took humans to understand how disease was spread. The fact that germs are invisible obviously played a central role in their ability to survive. But just as importantly were the different varieties of contagion that confounded the ability to explain the spread of the illness. Because some diseases are spread by human contact, such as tuberculosis and small pox, and others by insects, such as the flea for bubonic plague and the mosquito for malaria and yellow fever, while others are spread by contaminated food and water, such as cholera, no simply solution seemed to work.

After reading "Plagues and Peoples" it is difficult to see world history the same as before. Modern scholars have poked a variety of holes in McNeill's arguments but the central thesis that bacteria and viruses have often been the causative agents of technological, social and political upheaval is difficult to refute.

Editorial Review:

No small themes for historian William McNeill: he is a writer of big, sweeping books, from The Rise of the West to The History of the World. Plagues and Peoples considers the influence of infectious diseases on the course of history, and McNeill pays special attention to the Black Death of the 13th and 14th centuries, which killed millions across Europe and Asia. (At one point, writes McNeill, 10,000 people in Constantinople alone were dying each day from the plague.) With the new crop of plagues and epidemics in our own time, McNeill's quiet assertion that "in any effort to understand what lies ahead the role of infectious disease cannot properly be left out of consideration" takes on new significance.

Applied Spatial Data Analysis with R (Use R)

Roger S. Bivand, Edzer J. Pebesma, Virgilio Gómez-Rubio

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Editorial Review:

Applied Spatial Data Analysis with R is divided into two basic parts, the first presenting R packages, functions, classes and methods for handling spatial data. This part is of interest to users who need to access and visualise spatial data. Data import and export for many file formats for spatial data are covered in detail, as is the interface between R and the open source GRASS GIS. The second part showcases more specialised kinds of spatial data analysis, including spatial point pattern analysis, interpolation and geostatistics, areal data analysis and disease mapping. The coverage of methods of spatial data analysis ranges from standard techniques to new developments, and the examples used are largely taken from the spatial statistics literature. All the examples can be run using R contributed packages available from the CRAN website, with code and additional data sets from the book's own website.

This book will be of interest to researchers who intend to use R to handle, visualise, and analyse spatial data. It will also be of interest to spatial data analysts who do not use R, but who are interested in practical aspects of implementing software for spatial data analysis. It is a suitable companion book for introductory spatial statistics courses and for applied methods courses in a wide range of subjects using spatial data, including human and physical geography, geographical information systems, the environmental sciences, ecology, public health and disease control, economics, public administration and political science.

The book has a website where coloured figures, complete code examples, data sets, and other support material may be found: http://www.asdar-book.org.

The authors have taken part in writing and maintaining software for spatial data handling and analysis with R in concert since 2003.

Step-by-Step Medical Coding 2008 Edition (Step-By-Step Medical Coding)

Carol J. Buck

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Editorial Review:

This practical guide prepares you for a career in medical coding with comprehensive coverage from the most trusted source in the field. In it you'll get an introduction to Current Procedural Terminology (CPT), as well as in-depth explanations of the sections found in the CPT manual, in sequential order. Each chapter in Unit 1 introduces various procedures and demonstrate how to properly code them. Practice exercises reinforce important concepts and allow you to test your comprehension. This detailed, up-to-date resource also features complete coverage of the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and third-party reimbursement, along with 1997 documentation guidelines for E/M services, and Alpha II iCoder exercises.

• Full-color presentation makes content visually stimulating.
• In-text exercises throughout each chapter reinforce coding rules and concepts and emphasize the book's step-by-step organization.
• Concrete "real-life" coding examples allow you to apply important coding principles and practices to actual scenarios from the field.
• Medical procedure illustrations and discussions help you better understand the services being coded.
• Three varieties of answer blanks test your understanding of correct coding practices.
• Coding Shots provide tips for complicated coding scenarios and advice for entering the job market.
• Stop! notes offer a brief summary of material just covered to help ensure retention and understanding and provide a transition into the next topic.
• Caution! notes warn users of common coding mistakes and reinforce the concept of coding as an exact science.
• Check This Out! Boxes offer notes on accessing reference information, primarily via the Internet.
• Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting boxes present the official guidelines alongside text discussions and visually indicate inpatient vs. outpatient use.
• 30-day trial access to Alpha II iCoder introduces you to professional coding software and acts as a supplement to the main text material.
• Companion CD provides a variety of activities that reinforce material from the text.

• Updated text presents the latest coding information available.
• Quick Check features immediately reinforce key concepts and test your retention and understanding.
• New From the Trenches quotes provide valuable insights from instructors and professionals in the medical coding field.
• Coders Index makes it easy to instantly locate specific codes.