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A Woman in Amber: Healing the Trauma of War and Exile

Agate Nesaule

A Woman in Amber: Healing the Trauma of War and Exile Agate Nesaule Amazon Price: $10.20
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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 12 Average rating: 4.5 of 5

One Woman's War - Transcends All Borders 5 out of 5 stars.
14 of 15 people found this review helpful.

Being of Latvian heritage myself, perhaps it is impossible for me to read Nesaule's book as anyone else of a different heritage might. I have grown up on stories that are but variations on a theme to this one. My first language was Latvian, my first book was Latvian, my own first efforts in creative writing were in the Latvian language. Indeed, I have just participated in a literary reading of Latvian authors at the 11th Latvian Song Festival in Chicago, Illinois, where I had the honor of sharing the podium with Agate Nesaule. Is it possible for me to turn the pages of "Woman in Amber" without a deeply ingrained bias? Perhaps not. But I can say that these pages, these words, these memories, resonated profoundly with me. The war experience in many ways, however, is a suffering and a horror that crosses all lines of ethnicity, all borders of nationality. For this reason, I believe this is an important account for a far larger audience than just the Latvian reader; I am thrilled that this book was written first in English, then translated into, I believe, seven other languages.

Latvia is a tiny but beautiful country on the coast of the Baltic Sea. The Latvian language is one of the oldest still in existence. The country's history is one of the most war-torn and ravaged of any country anywhere - although it has existed for many, many centuries, Latvia has been independent, free of occupation by other armies, for only a wink in time. If this nation can be proud of anything, it can be proud of its ability to survive even the cruelest and most oppressive conditions. This memoir, "Woman in Amber," opens a small window of light shed on how such a people survive. Even more precisely, it gives an account of how a very young girl can survive - losing her home, losing her family, conditions of hunger, rape, pillage, exile, and the terrifying experience of being a stranger in an immense and completely alien country where the culture and language are all new and strange. Most memoirs of war and battlefields are written by men. It is particularly interesting to read a different kind of account, from the perspective of a woman. If soldiers on a battlefield suffer, there is a quieter, less evident suffering that happens behind the front lines, and this memoir reveals, painfully and movingly, the no less violent and scarring battles that happen there.

Agate Nesaule's memoir is a couragous sharing of the experiences she endured - not just during World War II, but for many years following the war. Long after the sounds of war have died down, the wounds are still bloodied and pulsating with pain. Healing can often take a lifetime. My respect to this author for sharing her experience, and my hope that it has offered her healing. This is a book I am proud to recommend to both my Latvian friends as well as my non-Latvian friends.

Editorial Review:

Witnesses to rape, torture, and executions, Agate Nesaule and her family survived against all odds in World War II Europe to emmigrate to America where Agate could receive the education her mother had always dreamed of. But the trauma of war was not so easily buried. For years she has been secretly tormented by memories. Now, in this 1995 American Book Award winner, she finally tells her powerful story.

The Rings of My Tree: A Latvian Woman's Journey

Jane E. Cunningham

The Rings of My Tree: A Latvian Woman's Journey Jane E. Cunningham Amazon Price: $11.16
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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 7 Average rating: 5.0 of 5

And My Family Tree Also... 5 out of 5 stars.
17 of 18 people found this review helpful.

The monsters and beasts in my childhood bedtime stories were not imaginary. They were flesh and blood and in human form, and usually they wore the uniforms of the Red Army. They marched in my parents' memories, relentless and cruel, driving them from their homes in Latvia during World War II. My parents were refugees, displaced to camps in Germany in the 1940's while awaiting sponsors for their immigration to the United States. Although I was born in the States, I have known two homes, two cultures, two languages, two histories, and the stories on which I was raised have become a part of my ethnic inheritance.

Reading Jane E. Cunningham's book about another Latvian woman's personal journey as a refugee from Latvia to the United States during the war was like hearing the stories of my parents all over again. What amazed me, however, were the accuracy of perception and a to-the-core understanding of an experience the author could not have shared. Cunningham, after all, is not Latvian. She is an Irish-American living in Connecticut, a teacher, and no closer to the Latvian experience than, well, crossing the street, as it turned out. For 45 years, Cunningham has known and befriended her neighbor, Mirdza Vaselnieks Labrencis. Now a woman in her mid-eighties, Mirdza has shared her stories about her home in Latvia and her journey to America with her most attentive neighbor, resulting in this slender but powerful book. Cunningham has even written it as a first-person account-a daring move, but one at which she was surprisingly successful. In nearly every detail and perception, the story is Mirdza's. It is also the story of most all Latvian refugees.

To survive-"where there is life, there is hope"-Mirdza undergoes a psychological shifting in her spirit and in her psyche. "Inside my still anesthetized cocoon, the soul of the self is changing. This forced-by-war metamorphosis was a lonely place to be, and yet it seemed to be a place of unconscious, unfolding change that surfaced through a new, foreign determination that surprised me. Survival is a funny thing... tied to self-respect. The greedy monster ministers of war had separated my family, killed some of my friends, issued a warrant for my life, bombed my house... raped and pillaged my country and took away the normal use of my left side... the caterpillar in my mind was losing its slow-crawling legs and I have no idea when the wings of courage developed, but there was a flapping inside of me." (pgs. 31-32)

Pushed to its limits, human nature shows its true colors and true fiber. A frightened girl emerges a strong, determined young woman, doing what she must to survive and to establish some semblance of a new life for herself. It is not in her nature to be bold, Cunningham writes of her heroine, nor is it the nature of a nation to be subjected to the depravity of war. Those who cannot adapt-die. Those who find wings and tap into a core wisdom of resilience-live. Mirdza makes a decision to live.

To survive one does what one must, sometimes shutting off the mind, other times shutting off the heart. When required, both are called back into action. Cunningham writes of Mirdza's life in German refugee camps with a compassionate honesty, never glossing over Mirdza's very human moments of weakness, but letting her moments of personal heroism quietly shine in their own illumination.

Cunningham's account of a story so far, surely, from her own as an Irish-American living in Connecticut is testimony of the ability to bridge two cultures and two very different perspectives on life to form very human bonds of friendship. This slender volume is highly recommended for anyone willing to take a moment to appreciate what makes us all different... and what makes us all the same.

Editorial Review:

A young Latvian woman is caught up in a whirlwind of war forcing her into an unnatural migration for life. Her life is saved by good timing, acts of kindness, her own passivity, and a stranger in uniform. A story of extraordinary strength and honesty. An insight into daily living inside Nazi Germany for those forced to fly before they had wings of courage.

The Latvians: A Short History (Studies of Nationalities)

Andrejs Plakans

The Latvians: A Short History (Studies of Nationalities) Andrejs Plakans Amazon Price: $16.47
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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 6 Average rating: 4.5 of 5

Editorial Review:

This is the first English-language volume that brings the history of Latvia to the threshold of the twenty-first century. Until the reestablishment of Latvian independence in 1991, Stoviet dominance served for nearly fifty years to hinder publication of any complete and objective historical record of the region. Plakans now places the evolution and formation of the Latvian nation in a balanced, historical framework that stretches from the early medieval period to the present. Particular emphasis is given to the period between the Latvian "national awakening" of 1816—1819 and the emergence of an independent Latvia in 1918. From this point forward, the book extensively chronicles an evolving Latvian state structure, provides an appendix that summarizes all changes and important officeholders, and explains the current systems of political parties. This post perestroika historical narrative should contribute significantly to assessing the likely hood of Latvia's survival as an independent republic.

The Baltic Revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the Path to Independence

Anatol Lieven

The Baltic Revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the Path to Independence Anatol Lieven Amazon Price: $24.75
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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 6 Average rating: 4.0 of 5

Editorial Review:

World attention has focused on the newly independent Baltic states of Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania, as they struggle to become politically and economically viable. In this book, Anatol Lieven presents an intimate and engaging portrait of the history and culture of the Baltic states from their ancient origins to their contemporary status. He explores the culture and personality of the Baltic peoples, their religious and racial differences, their relations with Russia and with the West, and their prospects for the future. Lieven begins by describing the ancient Baltic peoples, their conquest by the Christians, the evolution of the Lithuanian empire and their union with Poland, and the experience of the Baltic provinces under the Russian Empire. He then looks at the countries' first struggle for independence in 1918, the failure of democracy and the establishment of authoritarian regimes, and the Soviet annexation of the Baltic in 1940. Lieven discusses the class structure of the Baltics and the ethnic tensions that have existed between the Germans, Jews, Poles, and Russians who live there. Drawing on a wide range of sources including interviews, newspaper accounts, and his own observations, he describes and analyzes the rise of national movements in each of the three countries after Glastnost. He concludes by discussing the new constitutions and the elections of 1992, the current forces of order, the demolition of the Soviety economies, and the possibilities for democracy and Europeanization or for ethnic conflict and nationalist dictatorship.

The Testimony of Lives: Narrative and Memory in Post-Soviet Latvia

Vieda Skultans

The Testimony of Lives: Narrative and Memory in Post-Soviet Latvia Vieda Skultans Amazon Price: $160.00
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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 2 Average rating: 4.5 of 5

A Great Book For Understanding Latvia. 5 out of 5 stars.
25 of 26 people found this review helpful.

This book gives such a deep and often painful look at the horrors of the lives of most Latvians who remained in Latvia after World War II. It becomes easy to understand the bitterness some Latvians still feel towards thosee who stole the land from them. It shows how a small country, torn apart century after century by their bigger and more powerful neighbors, by internal conflicts, by exile, famine and horrors beyond the grasp of most civilized people, continue to to dream and work for independance.

The fact that there still is a Latvia and Latvians is most amazing, even to a Latvian. The horrors of the past must never be forgotten, we must learn from them and work to never allow such atrocities to be tolerated again.

Ms. Skultans writes so eloquently, grasping and sharing with the reader a deep understanding of a culture fighting for survival.

This is a book that should be read by anyone studying anthropology, sociology, psychology, history or humanities. It is also a must read for all displaced peoples and their offspring or anyone searching for understanding of the full range of behavior humans are capable of.

For a mroe complete picture of the full effects of war, with the Testimony of Lives, I recomend also reading, "DPs Europes Displaced Persons 1945-1951" by Mark Wyman who shows the horrors of the "lucky" who escaped.

Editorial Review:

Vieda Skultans left Latvia as a refugee at the age of six months. In 1990, she returned for the first time. This remarkable book is both a personal account of a homecoming and an anthropology of a people trying to come to terms with its past and to face an uncertain future. Based on more than 100 interviews carried out in the wake of Latvian independence, it gives voice to the stories that could not be told under Soviet rule--stories of dispossession and exile and of ambiguous returns. At the same time it unpicks the process of memory itself, showing how personal memory is shaped by the traditional narratives of national history and culture.

The Northern Wars: War, State and Society in Northeastern Europe, 1558 - 1721 (Modern Wars In Perspective)

Robert I. Frost

The Northern Wars: War, State and Society in Northeastern Europe, 1558 - 1721 (Modern Wars In Perspective) Robert I. Frost Amazon Price: $48.78
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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 3 Average rating: 4.5 of 5

Polish Lancers, Swedish Boy-Kings, Russian Musketeers... 5 out of 5 stars.
31 of 31 people found this review helpful.

... what more could one possibly ask for in 400 pages? Between 1558 and 1720 the Baltic region was in an almost constant state of war. It began as a quadrangular contest for hegemony, Denmark vs. Russia vs. Sweden vs. Poland, and marked the evolution, in three of these states, of a modern military system led by an autocratic ruler. The unwillingness of fourth, Poland-Lithuania, to adapt its constitution and embrace a militarized state, led directly to its demise. Frost is quick, however, to combat the "traditional" Western history which is dismissive of Eastern military tactics and glibly attributes Russia's early setbacks and Poland's later humiliation to supposed "backwardness." As he explains, the great institutions of the East, such as the Polish cavalry, owed their existence to local conditions and geography. Nor was there any intrinsic reason why Tsarist Russia, as opposed to another political unit, should emerge victorious in the end. The one intriguing element in this drama is the rapid emergence and equally precipitous collapse of Sweden: the first mention of King Charles XII, doomed genius of the North, will quicken the pulse of even the most jaded reader. This is a great piece of scholarly writing.

Editorial Review:

This book provides an accessible study of the neglected but highly important series of wars fought for control of the Baltic and Northeastern Europe during the period 1558-1721. It is the first comprehensive history which considers the revolution in military strategy which took place in the battlefields of Eastern Europe. Robert Frost examines the impact of war on the very different social and political systems of Sweden, Denmark, Poland-Lithuania and Russia and he explains why it was Russia that emerged victorious from these wars. Based on extensive primary and secondary research (including much material that is unfamiliar in English) this book makes an important contribution to the debate on military change and political development in early modern Europe.

The Baltic States

Romuald J. Misiunas, Rein Taagepera

The Baltic States Romuald J. Misiunas, Rein Taagepera Amazon Price: $27.17
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Editorial Review:

In this updated edition of their renowned The Baltic States, Romuald Misiunas and Rein Taagepera bring the story of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia up to the 1990s. The authors describe and analyze how the Baltic nations survived fifty years of social disruption, language discrimination, and Russian colonialism. The nations' histories are fully integrated and compared, and some notable differences between them are pointed out.
With two new chapters, a revised preface, and an appendix on the end of Soviet domination, this expanded study covers a tumultuous period of political, economic, cultural, and ecological reform.

The History of the Baltic States (The Greenwood Histories of the Modern Nations)

Kevin O'Connor

The History of the Baltic States (The Greenwood Histories of the Modern Nations) Kevin O'Connor Amazon Price: $51.95
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Customer Reviews:
Total reviews: 1 Average rating: 5.0 of 5

Editorial Review:

The Baltic states--Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania--are nestled in northeastern Europe, where they lie at a crossroad of European culture. Collectively, they have been both a transmitter of culture and a victim of larger, more powerful nations' aspirations. Their ethnically and religiously diverse natives continue to struggle with the question of identity, yet the Balts have had relatively peaceful relations with each other for some 600 years. With the fall of the Soviet Union, the Baltic states "returned to Europe" and seem intent on preserving the spirit of cooperation and solidarity that emerged during their struggle for independence more than a decade ago. This is the most recent and up-to-date narrative history of the Baltic states, providing readers with an ideal starting point for research on the area. It includes a timeline of major events, biographic sketches of noteworthy historical figures, a glossary, and a bibliographic essay. The Baltic states' survival and recovery during the late Soviet and early post-Soviet era is an inspiring and fascinating tale. This concise history takes readers from the ice ages through the Cold War, telling the tale of these small but important countries and their role in the history of Europe.

EXPERIENCING TOTALITARIANISM: THE INVASION AND OCCUPATION OF LATVIA BY THE USSR AND NAZI GERMANY 1939-1991

Andrejs Plakans

EXPERIENCING TOTALITARIANISM: THE INVASION AND OCCUPATION OF LATVIA BY THE USSR AND NAZI GERMANY 1939-1991 Andrejs Plakans Amazon Price: $29.95
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Editorial Review:

In the course of World War II, the Republic of Latvia was occupied and annexed by the USSR in June of 1940. A year of sovietization was followed by four years of another occupation (1944-1945)- this time by the army of Hitler's Third Reich. After Germany's defeat, the Soviet occupation returned, lasting for the next forty-five years. The book is a documentary history of the presence of these two totalitarian "great powers" on Latvia's soil, the administrations they created, the policies they implemented, and the institutions of control they developed. Containing some previously published documents (mostly concerning the German occupation), the bulk of the collection consists of the English-language translations of documents from the much longer Soviet period. The latter ended up in the national archives of Latvia after the collapse of the USSR and the renewal of Latvian independence. A particularly noteworthy component of the Soviet-era documents are the internal reports (often marked "top secret") of the Soviet-era Latvian KGB, the internal memoranda of the Central Committee of the Latvian Communist Party, and the correspondence between the Latvian Party and its Moscow superiors. The subjects covered include the behavior of the Soviet army on Latvian soil, the sovietization of the Latvian economy, control over churches, punishment of dissidents, dealing with the Latvian émigré community, the treatment of the so-called "national communists," and the successful drive for independence from 1987 onward.

The Murder of the Jews in Latvia 1941-1945 (Jewish Lives)

Bernhard Press

The Murder of the Jews in Latvia 1941-1945 (Jewish Lives) Bernhard Press Amazon Price: $14.04
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Total reviews: 2 Average rating: 4.0 of 5

Editorial Review:

At the end of June 1941, Latvia fell into the hands of the Germans. Within months, the command was given to "evacuate" the Jews of the Riga ghetto. Armed gangs of Latvians and Germans forced their way into Jewish homes, startling the occupants out of their sleep and shooting them in their beds. On streets, in shops, and in factories, the Jews of Riga were hunted down. Men and women, children, and the elderly were driven into groves on the outskirts of town, forced to dig mass graves or stand over those already dug, and shot by the hundreds of thousands. Bernhard Press was one of the few to survive. This book is Press's account of life and death during the Nazi reign of terror in Latvia. In direct, unadorned prose, Press describes his escape from the Riga ghetto, his three years in hiding with the family of a friend, and the further trials that awaited the surviving Jews of Riga when Latvia was "liberated" by the Russians. Recounting his own harrowing experience and detailing the plight of Eastern European Jews faced with the anti-Semitism of their homelands, the Germans, and the Soviets, in The Murder of the Jews in Latvia Press recovers a lost chapter in the literature of the Holocaust. The book is both a compelling memoir and an important historical document.

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